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Source: http://thegameofbadminton.blogspot.com/2013/06/asby-sports-video-san-jose-ca-united.html
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Monday, 24 June 2013
Thursday, 20 June 2013
Microsoft says it freed at least 2 million PCs from Citadel botnets
Earlier this month, Microsoft announced that it took down 1,400 Citadel botnets with the help of the FBI, and now Ballmer and Co. have divulged just how big of an impact the effort had. According to Richard Domingues Boscovich, the firm's Digital Crimes Unit assistant general counsel, the operation freed at least 2 million PCs across the globe from the malicious code -- and that's a conservative estimate by his reckoning. It's believed that more than $500 million has been stolen from bank accounts thanks to information gleaned from keystrokes logged by computers afflicted with the software. Though the chief botnet organizer is still on the loose and many machines are still burdened by Citadel, Domingues Boscovich says they "feel confident that we really got most of the ones that we were after."
[Image credit: Edmund Tse, Flickr]
Filed under: Microsoft
Source: Retuers
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Wednesday, 19 June 2013
Validating Maps of the Brain's Resting State
June 19, 2013 ? Kick back and shut your eyes. Now stop thinking.
You have just put your brain into what neuroscientists call its resting state. What the brain is doing when an individual is not focused on the outside world has become the focus of considerable research in recent years. One of the potential benefits of these studies could be definitive diagnoses of mental health disorders ranging from bipolar to post-traumatic stress disorders.
For the last decade, neuroscientists have been using the non-invasive brain-mapping technique functional called magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI to examine activity patterns in human and animal brains in the resting state in order to figure out how different parts of the brain are connected and to identify the changes that occur in neurological and psychiatric diseases. For example, there are indications that Alzheimer's may be associated with decreased connectivity; depression with increased connectivity; epilepsy with disruptions in connectivity and Parkinson's with alterations in connectivity.
A team of psychologists and imaging scientists at Vanderbilt has collaborated on a study that provides important corroboration of the validity of these studies by examining the relationship of the fMRI maps of resting state brain's networks with the brain's underlying anatomical and neurological structure. The study is published in the June 19 issue of the journal Neuron.
"Previous studies have suggested that resting state connectivity shown in brain scans is anchored by anatomical connectivity," said co-senior author Anna Roe, professor of psychology. "But our study has confirmed this relationship at the single neuron level for the first time."
That is important because fMRI doesn't measure brain activity directly. It does so by measuring changes in blood-oxygen levels in different areas. The technique relies on the observation that when activity in an area of the brain increases, blood-oxygen levels in that region rise, which modulates the MRI signal. Neuroscientists have taken this a step further by assuming that different areas in the brain are connected if they show synchronized variations while the brain is in a resting state.
"This is an important validation," said co-senior author John Gore, director of the Institute of Imaging Science at Vanderbilt and Hertha Ramsey Cress University Professor of Radiology and Radiological Sciences and Biomedical Engineering. "There has always been a sense of unease that we might be interpreting something incorrectly but this gives us confidence that resting state variations can be interpreted in a meaningful way and encourages us to continue the research we have been doing for a number of years. Resting state fMRI provides a uniquely powerful, non-invasive technology to look at the circuits in the human brain."
To examine the relationship between fMRI scans, patterns of neuronal activity and anatomical structure of the brain, the researchers examined the region of the parietal lobe of squirrel monkeys devoted to monitoring touch sensations. Specifically, they looked at an area linked to the hand that consists of a series of adjacent areas each devoted to a different finger.
Using one of the strongest MRI machines available, with a field strength three to six times that of typical clinical scanners, the researchers produced brain scans that resolved millimeter-scale networks for the first time.
To compare these patterns to the actual electrical activity in the brains, the researchers inserted electrodes capable of recording the firing patterns of individual neurons. In addition, they used optical techniques to trace the anatomical connections between the neurons throughout the region.
"With all three techniques, we found the same pattern of connectivity. Connections coming from other areas in the brain tend to link to individual digits while connections that originate within the area tend to link to multiple digits," said Roe. "Our results demonstrate that fMRI images of the resting state brain accurately reflect the brain's anatomical and functional connectivity down to an extremely fine scale."
Post-doctoral fellow Zheng Wang in psychology, Assistant Professor Li Min Chen in the Institute of Imaging Science and radiology and radiological sciences, and L?szl? N?gyessy from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest contributed to the study, along with Senior Research Associate Robert Friedman in psychology and Imaging Scientist Arabinda Mishra in the Institute of Imaging Science.
The research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (Fogarty International Research Collaboration Award NS059061, NS044375, NS069909, NS078680), Dana Foundation, Center for Integrative & Cognitive Neuroscience at Vanderbilt and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/TXgxyyVj8KU/130619121959.htm
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Sunday, 2 June 2013
Reality catches up with sci-fi in storm drones
TULSA, Okla. (AP) ? At the time it premiered, "Twister" put forth a fantastical science fiction idea: Release probes into a storm in order to figure out which tornadoes could develop into killers.
It's no longer fiction. Oklahoma State University researchers are designing and building sleek, Kevlar-reinforced unmanned aircraft ? or drones ? to fly directly into the nation's worst storms and send back real-time data to first responders and forecasters.
"We have all the elements in place that make this the right place for this study to occur," said Stephen McKeever, Oklahoma's secretary of science and technology. "We have the world's best natural laboratory."
Oklahoma is the heart of Tornado Alley, and has emerged battered, yet standing, from seven tornadoes with winds exceeding 200 mph ? tied with Alabama for the most EF5 storms recorded. The May 20 tornado in Moore that killed 24 people was one of them. The federal government's National Weather Center, with its laboratories and the Storm Prediction Center, are appropriately headquartered in Norman, but research is done statewide on Earth's most powerful storms.
If all goes as planned, OSU's research drones will detect the making of a tornado based on the humidity, pressure and temperature data collected while traveling through the guts of a storm ? critical details that could increase lead time in severe weather forecasts.
The drones would also be equipped to finally answer meteorologists' most pressing questions.
"Why does one storm spawn a tornado and the other doesn't, and why does one tornado turn into an EF1 and another into an EF5?" asked Jamey Jacob, professor at OSU's School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, which is developing the technology.
The drones could be operating in roughly five years, designers estimate. But there are limitations on immediately using the technology, including current Federal Aviation Administration rules that mandate where and how drones can be safely launched in U.S. air space. The agency's regulations also require operators of such machines to physically see the aircraft at all times, limiting the range to a mile or two.
Developers are seeking to get the same clearances as the military, where operators don't have to see the aircraft at all times and can view data beamed via a satellite link.
The machines ? which weigh up to 50 pounds? are safely controlled by operators with a laptop or iPad, cost a fraction of manned research aircraft and are more reliable than sending up weather balloons to divine a storm's intentions. In its simplest form, a weather drone would go for about $10,000, researchers said, but models with more extensive storm-detecting equipment ? like having the ability to drop sensors as it flies through a storm ? could run $100,000.
Jacob started researching the need for such aircraft more than 20 years ago while an undergraduate at the University of Oklahoma, and arrived at OSU about seven years ago to continue his research. As a native Oklahoman with a long-held interest in the weather, developing the perfect storm-savvy technology has become a passion for him.
"Technology has really been catching up to what we wanted to do," he said in an interview. And in the future, the drones could be used to monitor wildfires and send back information to firefighters so they don't get outflanked by the blazes or they could fly over farmers' crops to relay enhanced pictures of how well they are growing.
One of the storm models was supposed to have its test flight on the day of the Moore tornado. It was delayed by two days ? to great success. Immediately after, OSU researchers posted a video of its flight on YouTube.
To researchers' dismay, drones have developed a negative connotation lately, as some groups concerned about civil liberties strongly question the Obama administration's use of armed Predator drones overseas as well as privacy issues. So, the weather researchers prefer "unmanned aircraft" to describe what they are working on, even though the word drone is also accurate.
"It's so sad to me because I see the negatives people are always talking about, that it's going to be a Big Brother surveillance system and the government is actually going to worsen society rather than benefit society, and our goals are the exact opposite," said Jacob Stockton, a master's student at OSU who is working on the project.
"It's extremely rewarding to take the perspective that my work is being poured into helping others to avoid the tragedy that happened" at Moore, he said.
___
Online:
Weather drone test flight video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rAB-iid_W0g
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/reality-catches-sci-fi-storm-drones-170030797.html
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